Europe is experiencing an early and intense flu season, driven mainly by the H3N2 variant (subclade K). The United Kingdom, Spain, Italy, France, and Germany are reporting a significant increase in cases, putting greater pressure on hospitals and healthcare centers. European health authorities recommend strengthening preventive measures: influenza vaccination, proper indoor ventilation, mask use in enclosed spaces, and good hand hygiene.

This Saturday, the National Ministry of Health published an official bulletin announcing a national health alert for measles following the diagnosis of a two-year-and-four-month-old child in the municipality of Santa Elena, Entre Ríos. This case triggered the epidemiological alert, which calls for strengthened surveillance, vaccination, and early consultation at the first sign of symptoms. This comes within an international context in which the Americas region is no longer measles-free, having lost its status as free of endemic transmission.

Argentina

On 12 November 2025, WHO noted a press release from the Ethiopian Ministry of Health (MoH), and the Ethiopian Public Health Institute (EPHI), announcing suspected viral hemorrhagic viral fever (VHF) in Jinka town, South Ethiopia Regional State, Ethiopia. On 14 November 2025, the Ministry of Health of Ethiopia confirmed that the cases previously reported as suspected VHF were Marburg virus disease (MVD). Molecular testing conducted by the National Reference Laboratory at EPHI identified Marburg virus (MARV) in patient samples. As of 20 November 2025, 33 laboratory tests have been conducted, of which six confirmed cases, including three deaths, have been reported.

Etiopía

Jamaican health authorities issued a public warning following suspected cases of leptospirosis in several communities across the country, due to all the stagnant water left by the flooding caused by Hurricane Melissa three weeks ago.

Jamaica

Between epidemiological week (EW) 1 and EW 44 of 2025, a total of 3,989 suspected cases of pertussis were reported, of which 456 were confirmed. Laboratory confirmation was obtained in 391 of these cases. The number of confirmed cases exceeds the figures recorded for the same period since 2020, with the exception of 2023, when a higher number of cases was reported, mainly in the province of Salta. In addition, six deaths due to the disease were recorded, all in children under two years of age. Although cases of pertussis have been reported in 19 jurisdictions this year, the increase observed compared to previous years is mainly concentrated in Tierra del Fuego, Buenos Aires, and the Autonomous City of Buenos Aires. Safe and effective vaccines are available to prevent infection by Bordetella pertussis. However, a progressive decline in vaccination coverage has been observed worldwide, regionally, and nationally, resulting in an accumulation of susceptible individuals. Given the increase in pertussis cases observed globally and regionally, health teams are urged to strengthen epidemiological surveillance, early diagnosis, immediate reporting, and the implementation of prevention and control measures, with particular emphasis on vaccination.

Argentina

A strong 5.9 magnitude earthquake struck the North Pacific Ocean off the coast of San José, Costa Rica, on Tuesday afternoon, October 21, 2025, at 9:57 p.m. local time. The quake had a very shallow depth of 31 km and was felt across a wide region.

Costa Rica