Between late 2025 and early 2026, a sustained increase in chikungunya cases has been observed in countries and territories of the Region of the Americas, as well as the resumption of autochthonous transmission in areas where the virus had not been circulating for several years. In this context, the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) urges Member States to strengthen epidemiological and laboratory surveillance, ensure early detection and appropriate clinical management of cases, and consolidate integrated vector control actions, in order to limit transmission and reduce associated morbidity and mortality.

Bolivia, Brasil, Paraguay, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Suriname

The Ministry of Health confirmed 195 reports of methanol poisoning after consuming alcoholic beverages as of this Saturday (October 4th), according to data submitted by the states. Rio Grande do Sul, Rio de Janeiro, and Piauí reported their first cases under investigation. Across the country, there are 14 confirmed cases and 181 under investigation. Of the total cases, 162 are in São Paulo (14 confirmed and 148 under investigation). Of these reports, 13 are deaths. "We are facing an abnormal situation, unlike anything recorded in our historical record regarding methanol poisoning in the country. The Federal Police´s involvement in the investigation is due to the suspicion of involvement of a criminal organization related to the adulteration of beverages," reinforced the Minister of Health, Alexandre Padilha. The investigation of the cases in São Paulo is being conducted by the Federal Police in conjunction with control and surveillance agencies, which have already linked the incidents to the consumption of adulterated alcoholic beverages, according to information from the Ministry of Justice and Public Security. The recommendation is that bars, businesses, and other establishments pay extra attention to the origin of the products they sell. Consumers are advised to avoid consuming or purchasing beverages without a label, security seal, or tax stamp.

Brasil

According to a report released by PAHO on September 19, 2025, by September of this year 11,313 measles cases had already been confirmed in the Region of the Americas. The most affected countries were Canada, with 4,489 cases, and Mexico, with 4,553 cases. Of the 23 reported deaths, 19 occurred in Mexico. The most affected age group was 10 to 19 years (22%), followed by 20 to 29 years (19%), and 1 to 4 years (17%). According to the data collected so far, 71% of cases occurred in unvaccinated individuals. The importance of immunization is emphasized in order to reduce new measles cases.

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Paraguay, Perú

Between epidemiological week (EW) 1 and EW 24 of 2025, a total of 7,132 measles cases and 13 deaths were confirmed in the Region of the Americas. Cases were reported in: Argentina (34), Belize (34), Bolivia (60), Brazil (5), Canada (3,170, including 1 death), Costa Rica (1), United States (1,227, including 3 deaths), Mexico (2,597, including 9 deaths), and Peru (4). This total represents a 29-fold increase compared to the 244 cases reported during the same period in 2024. In light of this situation, the Pan American Health Organization / World Health Organization (PAHO/WHO) urges Member States to strengthen vaccination strategies, enhance epidemiological surveillance, and ensure a rapid response to case detection.

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Perú

The Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) has issued an epidemiological alert due to the increase in yellow fever cases in the Region of the Americas. Between January and May 25, 2025, a total of 235 confirmed human cases were reported, including 96 deaths (case fatality rate: 41%), across five countries: Bolivia (4 cases, 2 deaths), Brazil (111 cases, 44 deaths), Colombia (74 cases, 31 deaths), Ecuador (8 cases, 6 deaths), and Peru (38 cases, 13 deaths). In response, PAHO urges Member States to strengthen epidemiological surveillance, ensure access to yellow fever vaccination for at-risk populations, and reinforce the capacity of health services for timely case detection, diagnosis, and management.

Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Perú, Ecuador

Between January 1 and April 13, 2025, 189 confirmed human cases of yellow fever have been reported in four countries in the Americas Region, of which 74 have been fatal. These yellow fever cases have been reported in the Plurinational State of Bolivia, with two cases, including one fatal case; Brazil with 102 cases, including 41 fatal cases; Colombia with 53 cases, including 21 fatal cases; and Peru with 32 cases, including 11 fatal cases.

Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Perú

With the start of the peak season of influenza and other respiratory viruses in the Southern Hemisphere of the Americas, PAHO/WHO recommends that Member States adjust their health service preparation and organization plans to address a potential health system overload.

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Ecuador

The state of Santa Catarina is well-known in Brazil for its countless natural beauties and attracts a large number of tourists from Brazil and other countries throughout the year. The growing number of cases of Dengue and Chikungunya in this state reinforces the need for greater attention to preventive measures among travelers. The Department of Epidemiological Surveillance (DIVE) of the State of Santa Catarina released an Epidemiological Report with data for the year 2025.

Brasil

Between January 1 and March 16, 2025, 131 confirmed cases of yellow fever in humans have been reported, of which 53 have resulted in death. These cases have been reported in: the Plurinational State of Bolivia, with one fatal case; Brazil with 81 cases, including 31 fatal cases; Colombia with 31 cases, including 13 fatal cases; and Peru with 18 cases, including eight fatal cases.

Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Perú

There are outbreaks of Oropouche fever in parts of Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, and Cuba (see map). Between 1st January and 11th October, 10275 cases were reported Oropouche fever is spread by the bite of infected midges (small flies) and mosquitoes. Illness can occur in people of any age and is often mistaken for dengue. Travelers to affected areas should take steps to avoid bug bites. Travelers should seek medical care if they develop high fever, headache, muscle aches, stiff joints, nausea, vomiting, chills, or sensitivity to light during or after travel.ometimes vomiting and diarrhea are also reported."

Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Perú, Ecuador, Guayana

Between January and September 2024: In Brazil, there were 3 confirmed cases in humans (2 died) in Amazonas, Minas Gerais and Sao Paulo. Between July 2023 and June 2024, 1,790 events involving dead monkeys were reported, of which 11 were laboratory-confirmed in the states of Minas Gerais (5) and Rio Grande do Sul (6). In Bolivia, 7 confirmed positive cases were detected (3 died): The cases had a probable place of exposure in the department of La Paz in the municipalities of Caranavi (n= 2 fatal cases), Guanay (n= 1 case), the municipality of San Buenaventura (n= 1 fatal case) and the municipality of Palos Blancos (n= 1 case); and in the department of Santa Cruz, municipality of Porongo (n= 2 cases). Only four of the cases were vaccinated. In Peru, 18 cases were confirmed in men between 18 and 83 years old (9 died). The cases were reported in the departments of Huánuco (1), Junín (3), Madre de Dios (3), San Martín (10), Ucayali (1). In Colombia, 8 confirmed cases were reported (5 died). All were men between 18 and 66 years old. The affected departments were Caquetá (1), Huila (1), Nariño (1), Putumayo (4), Vaupés (1). All the cases mentioned here had a history of exposure to wild and/or forested areas, due to agricultural work activities, among others.

Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Perú

There are outbreaks of Oropouche fever in parts of Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, and Cuba (see map). Between 1st January and 20th July, 8078 cases were reported Oropouche fever is spread by the bite of infected midges (small flies) and mosquitoes. Illness can occur in people of any age and is often mistaken for dengue. Travelers to affected areas should take steps to avoid bug bites. Travelers should seek medical care if they develop high fever, headache, muscle aches, stiff joints, nausea, vomiting, chills, or sensitivity to light during or after travel.ometimes vomiting and diarrhea are also reported."

Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Perú

There are outbreaks of Oropouche fever in parts of Brazil, Bolivia, Colombia, Peru, and Cuba (see map). Oropouche fever is spread by the bite of infected midges (small flies) and mosquitoes. Illness can occur in people of any age and is often mistaken for dengue. Travelers to affected areas should take steps to avoid bug bites. Travelers should seek medical care if they develop high fever, headache, muscle aches, stiff joints, nausea, vomiting, chills, or sensitivity to light during or after travel.ometimes vomiting and diarrhea are also reported."

Bolivia, Brasil, Colombia, Perú

Brazilian health authorities have reported 6,599 cases of Zika virus so far this year. According to data from the Pan American Health Organization (PAHO), as of May 3, 2024, more than 6,878 cases had been reported in the Americas this year. Although this number of cases is still alarming, it is much lower than the 55,813 cases reported in 2023.

Brasil

Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, is experiencing an alarming outbreak of dengue, setting a record for hospitalizations with 362 people hospitalized in a single day, surpassing previous figures from 2008. This sustained increase in cases throughout the month signals a classic epidemic. The state of Rio de Janeiro already registers 17,437 probable cases during the first four weeks of 2024 (1,441 notifications in the same period last year). The situation is expected to worsen, anticipating a higher incidence between March and May. The combination of high temperatures and intense rains created ideal conditions for the proliferation of the dengue-transmitting mosquito, accelerating its reproduction and facilitating the creation of breeding sites. Faced with this emergency, the municipality announced preventive measures, including the opening of treatment and hydration centers and the inspection of closed or abandoned places.

Brasil

Zika virus cases have shown a significant increase in Brazil, with 7,019 cases confirmed so far in 2023, continuing an increasing trend over the last four years.

Brasil

Roraima has recorded one death from yellow fever. The individual is 38 years old. He died in August but only this Monday [30 Oct 2023] did the State Department of Health (Sesau) receive the report confirming that the cause of death was due to the disease. The last death recorded from the disease in the state was in 2007, 16 years ago. With the diagnosis, Sesau issued a warning about the need for the population to be vaccinated against the disease. In 2023, just 31.74% of Roraima residents were immunized against yellow fever.

Brasil

The State of Tocantins confirmed on May 10, 2023, the first case of West Nile fever infection in humans in the municipality of Caseara, Tocantins, Brazil. The case corresponds to a 16-year-old young man who started symptoms on April 1, 2023, residing in a rural area of ​​the municipality of Caseara, Tocantins. The patient presented with acute viral encephalitis with symptoms of fever, headache, seizure and odynophagia. The case was discharged with serious consequences. The RT-PCR analysis of the collected CSF was positive for West Nile Fever (WNF).

Brasil

In 2023, between EW 1 and EW 24, a total of 2,102,848 cases of dengue were reported, with a cumulative incidence rate of 214 cases per 100,000 inhabitants. In this year, of the 2,102,848 reported dengue cases, 827,493 (39.3%) were laboratory confirmed and 3,201 (0.15%) were classified as severe dengue. The highest number of dengue cases was observed in Brazil with 1,515,460 cases, followed by Peru with 169,504 cases and Bolivia with 133,452 cases.

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Antártida, Ecuador, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Islas Georgias del Sur, Islas Malvinas, Suriname

During 2022, several countries in the region registered increases in the number of cases of dengue, Zika, and chikungunya, above what was reported in 2021. During the first months of 2023, outbreaks of chikungunya and dengue fever were recorded. important magnitude in South America.

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Antártida, Ecuador, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Islas Georgias del Sur, Islas Malvinas, Suriname

There is an increase in the activity of respiratory viruses at pre-pandemic levels and in associated hospitalizations, predominantly among children under 2 years of age, in the Andean subregion and the southern cone

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Antártida, Ecuador, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Islas Georgias del Sur, Islas Malvinas, Suriname

After 2 years without any human cases of yellow fever, São Paulo health authorities reported during the weekend that 2 patients had died from the disease in 2023, after 4 people were infected. Although both fatalities took place in the State of São Paulo, one of the victims was a resident of Minas Gerais. The state had had no cases of the disease since 2020 when one record was confirmed.

Brasil

Expansion of outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza in birds (to date they have been reported in 16 countries of the Region), and confirmation of 3 human infections caused by influenza A(H5N1) in Latin America and the Caribbean. The identified outbreaks are located mainly in the areas of the Pacific flyway.

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Antártida, Ecuador, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Islas Georgias del Sur, Islas Malvinas, Suriname

Peru notified a confirmed case of vaccine-derived poliovirus type 1 (VDPV 1) on March 21, 2023. The case is a 16-month-old boy, belonging to an indigenous community in the Manseriche district in the Datem del Marañón province of the Loreto department, with no history of vaccination or travel history before the onset of symptoms

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Antártida, Ecuador, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Islas Georgias del Sur, Islas Malvinas, Suriname

Peru notified a confirmed case of vaccine-derived poliovirus type 1 (VDPV 1) on March 21, 2023. The case is a 16-month-old boy, belonging to an indigenous community in the Manseriche district in the Datem del Marañón province of the Loreto department, with no history of vaccination or travel history before the onset of symptoms

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Antártida, Ecuador, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Islas Georgias del Sur, Islas Malvinas, Suriname

Expansion of outbreaks of highly pathogenic avian influenza in birds (to date they have been reported in 16 countries in the Region), confirmation of the first human infection caused by influenza A(H5N1) in Latin America and the Caribbean, and increase in cases in mammals

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Antártida, Ecuador, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Islas Georgias del Sur, Islas Malvinas, Suriname

In the first eight epidemiological weeks of 2023, 115,539 cases and 33 deaths from chikungunya were reported, with the highest incidence rates in Paraguay (1,128 cases per 100,000 inhabitants) and Brazil (14.2 cases per 100,000 inhabitants).

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Antártida, Ecuador, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Islas Georgias del Sur, Islas Malvinas, Suriname

During 2022, several countries in the region registered increases in the number of cases of dengue, Zika and chikungunya, above what was reported in 2021

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Antártida, Ecuador, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Islas Georgias del Sur, Islas Malvinas, Suriname

The 2022 cumulative suspected and confirmed cases of Zika are presented, with a clear predominance of cases in Brazil, with 29,117 suspected cases and 2,656 confirmed ones.

Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Paraguay, Perú, Uruguay, Venezuela, Antártida, Ecuador, Guayana, Guayana Francesa, Islas Georgias del Sur, Islas Malvinas, Suriname

Tocantins recorded 74 cases of visceral leishmaniasis and 3 deaths from the disease between January and October 2022. Another type of disease is tegumentary, which had 250 confirmed cases in Tocantins this year. No deaths were recorded.

Brasil

The number of dengue cases in Brazil rose by almost 185% between January [2022] and the beginning of October [2022], compared to the same period last year.

Brasil